Heart Exosomes

Cardiac Exosomes

Cardiac exosomes are derived from cardiac progenitor cells and contain cardioprotective and angiogenic factors.

Overview

Overview

Parent Cell: Akira Cardiac Progenitor Cells differentiated from UCT-WJ-MSCs | Cardioprotective and pro-angiogenic exosomes for myocardial infarction recovery, heart failure, and cardiac fibrosis reduction

FOR RESEARCH USE AND INTERNATIONAL USE ONLY

Source & Manufacturing
110 Billion Exosomes / 1 mL vial
VEGF and miR-21 / miR-146a confirmed by ELISA and qPCR
NTA mean size 80–115 nm
Stored at −80°C.

Definition

What Are Exosomes?

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (40–150 nm) formed by inward budding of endosomal multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and released upon MVB fusion with the plasma membrane. They carry a protected cargo of mRNAs, miRNAs, proteins, lipids, and signaling molecules from their parent cell, delivering this molecular payload to recipient cells with high specificity and efficiency. Unlike the parent cell, exosomes carry no nuclear material and cannot self-replicate — providing a cell-free therapeutic profile with superior safety and stability characteristics.


Process

Mechanism of Action & Molecular Cargo

Anti-Apoptotic Protection: miR-21 activates PI3K/Akt in cardiomyocytes, directly suppressing PTEN-driven apoptosis and reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury cell death in the infarct border zone by 40–60%.

Angiogenesis: VEGF, miR-132, and FGF-2 cargo stimulates endothelial proliferation and capillary formation in ischemic myocardium — increasing neovascular density and oxygen delivery.

Anti-Fibrosis: miR-146a and miR-21 suppress TGF-β1-driven cardiac fibroblast activation, reducing collagen deposition and preventing adverse ventricular remodeling post-MI.

Cardiomyocyte Survival: IGF-1 mRNA and HGF protein in exosomal cargo activate Met and IGF-1R receptors on cardiomyocytes — suppressing caspase-3 and preserving sarcomere integrity.

Electrical Remodeling: Connexin-43 mRNA delivery restores gap junction communication disrupted by ischemia, supporting electrical synchrony restoration.


Biomarkers

Key Molecular Cargo

Molecule / miRNATherapeutic Function
miR-21PI3K/Akt activation; anti-apoptotic cardiomyocyte protection
miR-146aTGF-β1 suppression; anti-fibrotic cardiac remodeling
VEGF / FGF-2 mRNAAngiogenesis in ischemic myocardium
IGF-1 / HGF proteinCardiomyocyte survival signaling
miR-132 / miR-21Pro-angiogenic miRNAs
Connexin-43 mRNAGap junction restoration; electrical synchrony

Applications

Therapeutic Applications

  • Post-MI Myocardial Repair — anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, pro-angiogenic
  • Congestive Heart Failure — ejection fraction support
  • Ischemic Cardiomyopathy — neovascularization
  • Cardiac Fibrosis — ECM remodeling
  • Arrhythmia Prevention Post-MI — connexin restoration
  • Coronary Artery Disease — microvascular repair adjunct

Evidence

Clinical & Preclinical Evidence

A 2023 meta-analysis of HUC-MSC therapy in heart failure/MI confirmed significant LVEF improvement and reduced adverse cardiac events — providing the parent cell evidence base directly applicable to the exosome product.[1]

In preclinical MI models, CPC-derived exosomes (IV delivery, 100 μg protein) improved LVEF by 8–12%, reduced infarct scar size by 30–35%, and increased capillary density in border zone by 2.3× at 4 weeks — reproducing the parent cell's therapeutic effects in a cell-free format.

miR-21-enriched exosomes from cardiac progenitor cells demonstrated 55% reduction in cardiomyocyte apoptosis (TUNEL assay) and 3× increase in survival signaling (p-Akt) in in vitro hypoxia models — confirming the primary anti-apoptotic mechanism.[2]


References

  1. HUC-MSC Meta-Analysis in MI/HF 2023 (PMC10686683)

  2. WJ-MSC RCT — Intracoronary Infusion in AMI (PMID 26088351